Method of and means for securing in position conductors of electromagnetic structures.



B. PRANKENFIELD. METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR SECURING IN POSITION GONDUCTORS 0P ELECTROMAGNETIC STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1 90s 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOFP Budd WITNES$ES Frankenfield ATTORNEY B. FRANKENFIELD. 7 METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR SECURING IN POSITION GDNDUGTORS OP ELECTROMAGNETIC STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1906. 91 l ,7 1 3. Patented Feb. 9, 1909,

F 6 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. Fig. 5 l q mmrl/lllm amma W INVENTOF? ITNESSES B dd Frankenfield w a we? ATTOR UNITED STATES Prii'lENT OFFICE.

BUDD FRANKENFIELD, OF NORWOOD, OI -IIO, ASSIGKOR 'lO ALLIS-CHALMERS COMPANY, A

CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY, AND THE BULLOCK ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COM- PANY, A CORPORATION OE OHIO METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR SECURING IN POSITION CGNDUCTORS OF ELECTRO- MAGNETIC STRUCTURES.

Specification oi Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

Application filled. may 3, 1.906. Serial No. 31,922.

To all whom it may cancer Be 1t known that I, Boon Fnannnnrrnnn, citizen of the United States, residing at Norwood, in the county of Hamilton andwhich the following is a full, clear, and ex-' act specification.

My invention relates to the method of and means for securing in position the current carrying conductors of electromagnetic I structures, such as armature coils and field l5 coils.

Armature cores both of the stationary and rotary type are usually pr vided with open coil-slots forming straight teeth or with closed or partially closed slots forming T- shaped teeth. When the core is provided with open slots, the coils, which are generally :torm wound, are held in position by nonmagnetic sticks or Wedges usually made of Wood which engage slots provided.

near the ends of the teeth, and in the case of rotary members by Wire bands. lVhen the core is provided with closed slots thearmature conductors are strung through the slots and are held in position by the overhanging portions of the teeth.

In the open slot construction. the coils can be easily and quickly assembled, can be mine perfectly insulated from the core and car be easily removed for repairs. Theconstruction is, however, mechanically Weak, Especially in rotary members. llurthcrmoro, he core being provided With deep open slots, as the teeth are revolved before the field coils, or as the field poles are revolved before the teeth, the lines of force from the poles are arranged in 'tufts which-rapidly shift from tooth to tooth as the teeth approach and recede from a pole causing considerable vibration and a disagreeable humming. This construction has the further disadvantage that a. great dealcf time and labor "is required for driving the sticks in position.

The construction having the closed or partially closed c. olS mechanically stronger than the first construction, and also since the iron ot the core is more evenly distributed over the periphery, the magnetic reluctance of the air gap is less and the vibration and humming is less. The disadvantages are that since the conductors-must be strung through the slots from endto end of the core, much time and labor must be expended in winding the machine, the conductors can not be insulated effectively, and can not be easily removed in case repairs are necessary, and since the conductors are entirely or al- -most entirely surrounded by iron the self induction. a the coils is considerable.

Field coils are usually held in position by end plates or collars secured to'the ends of the poles. This method While satisfactory generally is expensive and requires the expenditure of considerable time and labor for the assembly. v

The object of my invention is to provide a method and means for fastening in position current carrying coils of dynamo-elcctrio machines securely and with facility, and in such a manner that the coils can be easily removed. in case repairs are necessary.

In one aspect, my invention consists in the method of securing in position a current carrying coil or conductor, as an armature coil or field coil, by bending a portion of the ilux carryin metal such as a portion of the tooth or pole over the coil or conductor.

In another aspect my invention consists in a dynamo-electric machine having a laminated slotted core, conductors or coils in the slots of the core,part 0' all of the laminae having teeth which are split at the ends and spread apart over the conductors or coils so as to secure the latter in position.

.ly invention still further consists in the details of construction and combinations of elements described in the specification, and

forth in the appended claims.

'For a better understanding of my invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawing in which-- Figure l. is a perspective, parts being in section, of a portion of a rotary member equipped with my invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective, parts being in section, of a portion ing back awa erally extending projections 14, the space bewith small notches 16 for the insertion of a .teeth are split, and bent overthe coils; Fig.

' being punched as shown in Fig. 3.

coils can be easily placed in the slots and the the metal is more uniformly distributed over of a stationary member equipped with Ya I slightly -moditied form of my invention; Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail iew of the teeth shown' in Figs. 1 and 2 before the ends are bent over the coils; Fig. 4 is a similar view showing 'the teeth bent over the coils; Fig. 5 is a similar view of a modification in which one portion of each tooth is bent over a coil;-Fig. 6 is a similar, view of a further I modification in which means is provided for preventing .the teeth from accidentally bend,- from the coils;- Fig. 7 is a similar view s owing a still further modification in which the ends of the alternate 8 shows my invention applied to a field coil; and Fig. 9 shows a tool which may be eniplo'yeli for spreading the ends of the teeth or pole pieces.

Referring now to the Figs. 1, 3 and 4 of the drawings I have shown at'lO a portion of a rotary spider or frame to which the laminated core 11 is secured. The laminae of thecore are provided with slots 12 and teeth 13. The teeth are of unusual shape, The teeth are narrow near the ends and have lattween adjacent projections being sufficient to perm-1t a (3011 to-be inserted. The teeth are when punched, and are preferab y provided spreading tool, as will be explained. The coils 17 are inserted in the slots thus formed and the ends of the split teeth are then spread or bent over the coils to retain the coils in'po'sition '(as shown in Figs. 1 and 4), forming thereby wedge-shaped slots 18 in the center of the teeth. It is seen that. the

ends of. the teeth can with facility behent over the coils, securely holding the latter in position. If it is desired to remove the coils in case repairs are necessary the ends of the teeth can be easily bent away from the coils so that they can be lifted from, the slots. In practice I find that this operation can be repeatedmany times without breaking the teeth. This construction is strong mechan ically, there being little danger of the parts being displaced even at. high speeds. In this figure allthe teeth across the entire core are split and bent over the coils, It-is evii dent, however, that the coils can be held in position by the teeth of onlypart ot' the laminae arranged at intervals across the core, as isshrown 1n the stationary armature of Fig; 2. In the construction shown in Fig. 1, the teeth are splitup into part-s and hence the periphery than'in tne'usual construction 1'11 which'stralght teeth or open "slots are employed andhence the tufting of the flux and 1 In Fig. 2 I have shown a slight modification. A stationary laminated core shown at l9,.is provided with laminae having open slots and ordinary straight teeth 20, which laminae form the main portion of the core, and with laminae 21 provided .with split teeth 22 similar to those shown in Fig. 1. The laminm 22 are preferably arranged in groups at intervals along the core as is shown. The coils are placed in position in the slots and then the split teeth 22 of the laminae 21 are bent over the coils as in the previous construction. Thus the coils are securely held in position and in a manner which will permit the ready assembly or re- 1 moval of the coils. Vith this construction, since the core 1s prov1ded in great part with open slots, the self inductance of the coils is small, making this arrangement particularly advantageous in commutating machines, alternating current generators, and synchronous .motors. If desired the teeth teeth of the-main la minze,- to increase the magnetic reluctance and to decrease the self inductance.

In Fig. '5 I have shown a-modification of my invention. In this case the teeth are split but are of ditterent shape than in thefirst construction, each having one straight side or portion 23,- and one side 2d provided with alateral projection 25., which before being bent permits the insertion of the coil 26 as shown at the left side of the figure.

.After the coil is inserted in the slot, the

f having the coil retaining projections may be slightly longer than and project above the portion of the tooth having the projection is bent over the coil, the other side remaing 'ing" unbentas shown at the right side of the e- Y ZtnFig. 6 is shown a means for preventing the teeth from being accidentally bent back to their original positions. Strips or blocks 27 having at the sides flanges .28, are placed in the slots above the coils. The teeth 29 which are of the same construction as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 are spread over they strips or blocks 27, and the endsof the pro-F.

jections 30 are bentover the flanges 28 as shown at the right side of Fig. 6. This con; 5

structi'on may e employed whenever from any cause the. teeth are in any danger'of being bent back to their driginalpositions.

In Fig. 7 the laminae are provided with alternately arranged split teeth '31, and straight teeth-32. 'With this construction less time is required to secure the coilsiin position than in "the previously described constructions.

in hi 8 have shown-my invention applied to a field magnet. The laminte 33 of the pole are .piit at both sides at 3% and 55, dividing the end of the pole in three per tions 36, 3? and 38, the side portions having projections 39 and 40,. After the coil ll is placed in position the side portions are bent I A h v laterally so that the pro ections extend m or i purpose of the shoulders i l is to engage the te '1 after the latter have been spread a sutiicient amount so that the laminae of all the teeth will be spread uniformly, thus avoiding the danger of some of the laminzc being spread so far as to injure the insulation. if desired the insulation may be reinforced under the coil retaining projections.

It is seen that my invention is susceptible of various modifications and changes.

I do not wish to be confined to the exact details shown, to any of the modifications, or to any particular type of machine but aim in my claims to cover all modifications which do not involve a departure from the spirit and scope of my invention.

iv hat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The method of securing a coil to laminated core, which consists in bending the lamina: in groups over the coil.

2. The method of securing a coil in a slotted core, consisting in bending a portion oi: the

3. The method of securing a coil in a lain ated core, consisting in assembling the core,

putting the coil in place, and then bendin laminae over the COll.

adjacent complete tooth over the coil.

l. The hereindescribed method, consisting i in slitting cutting the teeth of an armature core, placing the coils in the slots bc tween the teeth, and bending portions of the teeth over the coils.

5. The hereindescribed method, consisting I in slitting or cutting teeth of lamina: ot' a core, placing the coils in the slots between the teeth, a I be; ng the ends of the slit, or cut laminzc over the coils.

6. The hereindescribcd method, consisting in assgmblii'ig a laminated toothed core, putting a conductor in a slot between two teeth of said core and then bending part of a tooth oi the core over the conductor.

7. In. a dynamo'electric machine, a slotted laminated core, coils in tie slots of the core, groups of laminae being bent over the coils to retain the latter in position.

8. In a dynamo-electric machine, a laminated core, said core having teeth which are split or cut, and coils betweeirsaid teeth, said teeth being bent over the COliS to retain the latter in position. I

9. in a dynamo-electric machine, a laminated core having teetln'the ends of which are split or cut, co in the slots of the core, tie ends of the teeth being spread or forced apart as extend over the coils.

1t). .ln a dynamoeiectric machine, a flux carrying member having a laminated projection, said projection having its free end split or cut, and a conductor associated w th the projection, the pants of the pro ection being spread apart so as to extend over and retain said conductor in position.

11. As an article of manufacture, a lamina for an armature core having teeth each provided with a coil retaining projection, the teeth being split or cut, and the width of the teeth at their outer ends being substantially the same as at their bases.

12. its an article of manufacture, a lamina lor armature cores having slots, and teeth provided with coil reta ning projections, the width oi the teeth at the outer ends being substantially the same as at the inner ends.

13. As an article of manufacture, a lamina for armature cores having slots, and teeth provided with coil retaining wedges, the teeth being split or cut, and the width of the teeth at the outer ends across the projections being substantially the same as at the inner ends.

l t. The method of securing a conductor in a laminated core which consists in bendla ininzc ot' the core cdgewisc over the coni'l ctor.

The method of forming electromagnetic structures, which cous' ts in slitting or cutting teeth of laniinre of a core, placing conductors in the slots between the teeth, and bending the ends oi the slit or cut lamina: in their own planes over the conductors.

1.43. In a dynamo-electric machine, a slotted laminated core, conductors in the slots of the core, laminae of the core being bent edgew ;e over the conductors toretain the latter in position.

l7. In a dynamoclcctric machine, a laminated core having teeth, conductors in the slots formed by said t eth, laniinte. of teeth of said core being split or cut and bent in their own 1 lanes over the conductors to retain the latter in position. I

l8. As an artieleot manufacture, a lamina for cores having teeth provided with coilretaining projections, the width of the slots between adjacent teethbciug substantially the same at the inner and outer ends.

1.9. is an article of u'ianulatcurc,a toothed lamina for cores, the width otthe teeth at the outer and inner ends'being substantially the same while the width of the teeth at an intermediate point isless than at the ends.

. 3 Mey rs 20 The method of securing coils in proper "lamina of ill-e sore in its own plane over the 10. position relative to a laminated core, con-h. conductor, sisting in slitting laminae of the core, plae- In testimony whereof I affix my signature, ing the coils in proper position, and bending in the presence of two Witnesses. rparts of the slit laminae edgewise over the cons RUDD 'FRANKENFIELD.

2L The method of securing a conductor Witnesses: in proper position relative to a laminated ARTHUR F. Kwzs,

FRE J Kim any.

core, consisting in bending a portion of a 

